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NANJING
At a glance | General Information | History | Cuisine | Travel | Climate | Attractions | Tours originating: Nanjing

Nanjing Attractions: Ming Xiao Ling (Xiao Mausoleum of the Ming Dynasty) | Mausoleum of Dr. Sun Yat-sen | Confucius Temple (Fuzimiao) | Qinhuai River | Linggu Temple | Yuhuatai Cemetery for Revolutionary Martyrs | Zhan Yuan Garden | Xi Yuan Garden | Xuanwu (Black Dragon) Lake | Mochou Lake | Zhonghua Gate | Xixia Mountain | Nanjing Yangtze River Grand Bridge | Nanjing Museum | Zijinshan (Mt. Zijin) Observatory

 

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Nanjing at a glance:

Nanjing is the capital of Jiangsu province which is developed in economy in China and an important central city on the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Also it is a tourist city and an important hub of transportation and communication center, one of China's four major scientific research and educational central cities. Location: situated at the east of China, on the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River; at north latitude 3114' - 3236', east longitude 11822' - 11914'; it is 300km away from Shanghai, 1,200km from Beijing, 1,400km from Chongqing. Neighboring Areas: Zhejiang, Anhui, Shandong Provinces and Shanghai Municipality. Physical Features: on the vast plain of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River; to the north is Jianghuai Plain, to the east is the Yangtze Delta; be close to rivers and lakes. Population: 5.29 million. Urban Population: 2.73 million. Area: 6,516 sq. km. Nationalities: Han, Hui, Manchu, Zhuang, Corean and Bai. Climatic Features: belongs to the north subtropical monsoonal climate zone, four seasons clearly demarcated, cold winters and hot summers; with frost-free period of 237 days. Average Temperature: annual average temperature 16C; absolute maximum temperature 43C, minimum temperature minus 14C; average daily temperature in the hottest months 28.1C, in the coldest months minus 2.1C. Rainfall: plenty of rain, 117 rainy days annually, from the end of June to the middle of July is the rainy season; Annual even precipitation 1,106mm; maximum average humidity 81 percent. See our Weather Page. Mountains: Zhongshan Mountain (namely Zijinshan Mountain); Mount Qixia, Tangshan Mountain. Rivers: the Yangtze River, Qinhuai River, Xuanwu lake, Mochou Lake .
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General Information:
Nanjing, literally means the south capital, lies in the southwest part of Jiangsu Province, south of the Yangtze River. It is also known as Jinling (Golden Mausoleum). It is the capital of the province and center of culture and communications around the area. It is regarded as one of the most famous cities in the southern part of China and attracts millions of tourists for its splendid history and beautiful scenic beauty. It's embraced by mountains on three sides and the natural moat ¨C Yangtze River on the north. The Mountain Stone on the west looks like a coiling dragon, while the Mountain Zhong on the east looks like a crouching tiger. The present city covers an area of 6,516 sq. km, including 857.21 sq. km of the city proper. It has the jurisdiction over 10 districts and 5 counties. The annual temperature averages 15.3C in summer, and the highest temperature can reach as high as 40C so it gets the title of "the blazing furnace" with two other two cities¡ Wuhan and Chongqing. In January, its annual overage average temperature is 2.4C. During the middle ten days of Mid June, brings there are intermittent drizzles. Therefore, making the best season to visit this city is either in spring or autumn. Nanjing is famous for its local arts and crafts. The most well-known products are cloud-pattern brocade, swine down, Yuhua (rain flower) stone, imitation ancient ivory carvings, traditional Satin Velvet,  Yuhua Pebble and antique imitation of wood carving, etc.
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History

Since its terrain is a ground which is difficult to access by enemies, Nanjing is was regarded as an important city by rulers in the past ages. Therefore, it had been chosen as capitals for more than 10 dynasties in Chinese history. The city is known all over the world as one of the four most ancient cities in China. (Other ancient cities are Xi'an, Beijing and Luoyang.). Nanjing has had spanned a history of more than 2,500 years. During the Three Kingdom Period (220-581 AD), it became the capital of East Wu (one kingdom of the three). Later, it served as the capital of East Jin Dynasty (317 - 420 AD), Southern Dynasties (420 - 589), which included the Song, Qi, Liang and Chen Dynasties. After the Tang Dynasty (618-907 AD), Nanjing was the capitals of the Southern Tang Dynasty, Ming Dynasty (1368-1644 AD), and the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. The name of the city was changed with the changes changing of dynasties. In the East Wu Dynasty, it was called Jianye and in the East Jin Dynasty and Southern Dynasties it was called Jiankang. Later it was named as Jiangning Fu, Yingtiom Fu and Tiomjin. etc. The name of Nanjing was first seen appeared in the history historical records of the Ming Dynasty. In 1420, the emperor of the Ming Dynasty moved the capital to Beijing (literally means the north capital) for military purposes. From 1927 to 1949, it served as the capital for Guomindang under Chiang Kaishek.

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Cuisine:
Traditional Nanjing cuisine is known as Jin Su cuisine and is notable for the emphasis placed on original flavor and carefully selected raw ingredients. Nanjing dishes are traditionally bright in color and use only a moderate amount of seasoning but a significant amount of oil. Jin Su specialties that should be sampled include: Jinling roast duck, steamed duck cutlets, salted duck, Longchi carp and "Eight delicacies soup". The "Eight delicacies" are: fish, water chestnut, lotus root, vine, parsley, arrowroot and lotus seeds. This is a popular dish especially around "Moon Festival" time (roughly around the middle of August). There are numerous classical restaurants serving up these delicacies and the area around the Confusius Temple has some great places to taste good Nanjing food.
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Travel:
Click here to enlargeNanjing boasts a highly developed transportation system with its own international airport, railway station and numerous bus stations. The city is also strategically located on the Yangtze River and many boats operate in and out of the city's port. By Air: Nanjing Lu Kou Airport is one of the largest airports in the nation. Nanjing airport has regular daily connections to all the major Chinese cities and there are also flights to Hong Kong. The airport is 35km from the urban area and is connected with the city by a highway (around 45 minutes). There are regular bus services to and from the city center which run between the Hanzhong Lu and the airport. Most five star hotels provide free transport to and from the airport. A taxi from the airport to the center of town should cost around ¥80-100. By Rail: Nanjing also has excellent rail links especially to Shanghai (4 hours), Suzhou (2 hours) Hangzhou (5 1/2 hours), Anhui and Beijing. The newly renovated Railway Station is located in the north of the city and the soft seat entrance is to the right of the station as you face it. Train tickets are available here, or at a ticket office near Gulou on Zhongshan Bei Lu. Most major hotels can also get tickets for a small service charge. This is a good option as it is much easier than queuing up at the train station! Taxis to and from the train station to the center of town should cost about ¥20-30. There are also buses to the University area around Shanghai Lu (#13) or Xinjeikou (#1A) from outside the station. By Bus: The main long distance bus station is near the train station in the north of the city. Getting reliable information about the bus services can be problematic however. You can try asking in the major five star hotels and there is a bus ticket office at 209 Zhongshan Bei Lu. The buses themselves are generally good and a speedy bus service operates to Shanghai (3-4 hours), Suzhou (2 hours), and Hangzhou (5-6 hours). There is also an overnight bus to Wuhan which now takes less than 12 hours. Touts also stand outside the bus station vying for passengers to fill up their cars. These drivers are generally heading for Shanghai and this can be an efficient and fast way to get between the two cities. The drivers won't leave until there are four people in the car however. This doesn't normally take long and once the car is full the trip takes around three hours. The driver should charge you ¥100 per person. By boat: Nanjing has a developed river transportation system and passenger ships for the following destinations leave regularly: Shanghai, Hangzhou, Suzhou, Chongqing (5 days) and Wuhan (2 days). The length of journey varies depending on the type of boat you travel on. This is a lovely way to travel between some of the more popular spots but can be wearing and time consuming. The port in Nanjing is on the western side of Zhongshan Bei Lu. Buses #4, 10 and 302 and take you there. City transport: Getting about in the city itself is usually pretty easy and there are ample taxis around town and a good (though crowded) bus service.
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Climate: See our Weather Page.
Nanjing is located in the subtropical climatic zone. The average temperature during the year is 15.3°C and the annual average rainfall is 1,106.5mm. The middle of June is the so-called "Mei Yu" or "wet" period so make sure you always have an umbrella with you if you travel at this time! Nanjing is known throughout China as one of the three "furnaces of the earth" (the other two being Wuhan and Chongqing). As such, the city can get unbearably hot in the summer months. This is not helped by the fact that the city is surrounded on all sides by mountains which help to keep the heat in and stop any breeze from entering! That said, there are many pleasant areas around the city which are a welcome respite from the baking sun and the city has an unusual amount of parks and wooded hills offering shelter to visitors and residents baking in the furnace. Nanjing in December is prone to snow, and although very picturesque, temperatures do fall well below freezing so come prepared! As with many other cities in the east of China, spring and autumn are the most pleasant seasons to visit, when there is blossom or greenery on the trees and the temperature allows visitors to wander the streets and surrounding hills without dripping in sweat!
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